超声波清洗机操作非常简单，先往清洗槽内放入适量的清水和清洗剂，并将清洗液调节到适当的温度，然后将待清洗物品放入清洗液中，确保液体没过物品，随后按下清洗按钮设备就可以自动清洗。机车维修店因为看中了超声波清洗机清洗的便利性，所以萌生出运用它来清洗机车电气线路的想法，在实际的运用过程中，发现该想法可行性非常高。

The operation of the ultrasonic cleaning machine is very simple. First put an appropriate amount of clean water and cleaning agent into the cleaning tank, adjust the cleaning solution to an appropriate temperature, and then put the items to be cleaned into the cleaning solution to ensure that the liquid does not pass through the items. Then press the cleaning button, and the equipment can be cleaned automatically. The locomotive maintenance shop saw the convenience of the ultrasonic cleaning machine, so it came up with the idea of using it to clean the locomotive electrical circuit. In the actual application process, it was found that the idea was very feasible.

经多次试验发现，超声波清洗机应用于机车电气线路清洗具有许多优点，下面将一一阐述。一是超声波清洗技术是一种高效的清洁技术，清洁度能够达到98%，对于机车电气线路中大多数类的污染物都能高效清除，大大提高了机车电气线路的清洗效率。二是超声波具有波长短、能量集中、穿透力强等特点，可以达到传统清洗所不能达到的缝隙，小孔等复杂结构，大大减少了清洗机车电气线路的时间和劳动。三是超声波清洗机清洗一次机车电气线路所用的清洗液较少，可大大地减少水资源和化学清洁剂的使用，真正做到了绿色环保，高效清洁。

After many tests, it is found that the application of ultrasonic cleaning machine in locomotive electrical circuit cleaning has many advantages, which will be described one by one below. First, ultrasonic cleaning technology is an efficient cleaning technology. The cleanliness can reach 98%, which can effectively remove most kinds of pollutants in locomotive electrical lines, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency of locomotive electrical lines. Second, ultrasonic wave has the characteristics of wave length, energy concentration and strong penetration, which can achieve the complex structures such as gaps and holes that cannot be achieved by traditional cleaning, which greatly reduces the time and labor of cleaning locomotive electrical lines. Third, the ultrasonic cleaning machine uses less cleaning fluid to clean the electrical circuit of locomotive once, which can greatly reduce the use of water resources and chemical cleaners, and truly achieve green, environmental protection and efficient cleaning.

超声波清洗机应用于机车电气线路清洗还具有清洗成本低的优势。虽然购买一台清洗设备需要几千元，但是有了该设备之后，可以减少清洗人员，可减少清洗剂的使用，从整体上看，清洗成本有大幅度的下降。对于一些机车电气线路清洗量较多的机车维修店而言，运用超声波清洗机可节省的清洗成本更高。

The application of ultrasonic cleaning machine in locomotive electrical circuit cleaning also has the advantage of low cleaning cost. Although it costs thousands of yuan to buy a cleaning equipment, with the equipment, the cleaning personnel can be reduced and the use of cleaning agent can be reduced. On the whole, the cleaning cost has decreased significantly. For some locomotive maintenance shops with a large amount of locomotive electrical circuit cleaning, the use of ultrasonic cleaning machine can save higher cleaning cost.

为了探讨哪种换能器布阵方法更有利于超音波清洗机，人们通过CATIA建立了换能器振板的装配模型，在模型中，方形列阵共采用了12个换能器，各换能器之间左右间距为90mm，上下间距为44.5mm；三角形列阵共采用了11个换能器，各换能器之间左右间距为90mm，上下间距为51.5mm。将装配好的超音波清洗机换能器振板模型导入到AnsysWorkbench中，选择谐响应分析模块进行分析。

In order to explore which transducer array method is more conducive to ultrasonic cleaning machine, the assembly model of transducer vibrating plate is established through CATIA. In the model, 12 transducers are used in the square array, the left-right spacing between transducers is 90mm, and the upper and lower spacing is 44.5mm; A total of 11 transducers are used in the triangular array. The left-right spacing between the transducers is 90mm and the upper and lower spacing is 51.5mm. The assembled transducer vibration plate model of ultrasonic cleaning machine is imported into ANSYS Workbench, and the harmonic response analysis module is selected for analysis.

经过有限元分析可以得知，在超音波清洗机换能器激励的频率和功率相同时，不同的布阵方式，振板振板所产生的位移响应存在明显的差异。试验中方形布阵时振板的位移响应为0.18mm，响应位置比较分散；而三角形布阵时振板的位移响应为0.63mm，响应位置主要集中在振板的中间位置，能源利用效率更高。如果待清洗的物品主要集中放置于清洗槽的中间位置，那超音波清洗机的换能器应该选择三角形布阵方法；相反，如果待清洗的物品分散放于清洗槽中，那清洗设备的换能器应该选择方形布阵方法。

Through the finite element analysis, it can be known that when the frequency and power of the transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning machine are the same, there are obvious differences in the displacement response of the vibrating plate with different array methods. In the test, when the square array is arranged, the displacement response of the vibrating plate is 0.18mm, and the response positions are scattered; When the triangular array is arranged, the displacement response of the vibrating plate is 0.63mm, and the response position is mainly concentrated in the middle of the vibrating plate, so the energy utilization efficiency is higher. If the articles to be cleaned are mainly placed in the middle of the cleaning tank, the transducer of the ultrasonic cleaning machine should choose the triangular array method; On the contrary, if the items to be cleaned are scattered in the cleaning tank, the transducer of the cleaning equipment should choose the square array method.

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